The Chesterfield Canal was intially promoted by James Brindley but since his growing reputation meant he was greatly in demand, much of the work fell to his assistant John Varley. The line, known locally as 'Cuckoo Dyke', officially opened in 1777, five years after Brindley's death.
It originally extended 46 miles from the River Trent through Worksop and Retford before arriving at its terminus in Chesterfield. Along the way it negotiated two tunnels and a combination of narrow gauge and broad gauge locks. These hark back to a decision in 1775 when it was agreed that although the canal should be narrow from Chesterfield to Retford, it should be built on a larger scale between Retford and the River Trent to accommodate wider-beam river traffic along that section.
Two World Wars and the advent of the railways did little to avert a commercial decline that was compounded in 1907 by a collapse in Norwood Tunnel. Although some trade did continue on the canal, the last recorded commercial cargo was in the 1960s. By this time restoration efforts were already underway and it was largely due to the efforts of campaigners that the Transport Act 1968, which reclassified canals according to their status of usage, allowed a sizeable section between Stockwith and Worksop to remain navigable. In 1976 the Chesterfield Canal Society, now known as the Chesterfield Canal Trust, was formed.
Boaters can now travel from the River Trent to Kiveton Park. There is a further five miles of restored canal at the Chesterfield end, but this is not connected to the rest and is only accessible by slipway. The Chesterfield Canal Trust is working to close the gap between the two sections.
